A Survey of Semantic Metadata Management Models for the Social Web

12Social systems are a new generation of Web 2.0 applications, characterized by their primarily user-driven content and the ability to mediate personal and social information across communities, such as teams, communities, and organizations. The recent growth and adaptation of social systems for personal and social information management has created new opportunities for users to be producers as well as consumers of information. This paper aims at studying the different models that have been proposed to better connect resources, annotations and users and their usage in the social Web. The paper aims to answer questions like: \textit{What are the existing models that allow to semantically describe resources, users and tags in the social Web? What are the characteristics of such models? What are the differences between those models?} The final objective is to provide an understandable study and comparison of some of the existing models to help researchers, and developers, to make their decision whenever there is a need to use a semantic meta-data model in the social Web. More concretely, this work aims to be a reference guide for different professionals in order to accelerate the adoption of such technologies in the Social Web

Semantic Agent for Distributed Knowledge Management

At the beginning of the decade, the Agent Mediated Knowledge Management workshops series as well as Bonifacio's theoretical approach layed the foundations of a new eld of distributed knowledge management based upon the agent paradigm. The agent based approach enables key features for knowledge management. The local management of knowledge by agents allows to go beyond the limitations of centralized knowledge management. Thus, knowledge can be maintained in each agent at a coarse-grained level, with different representations. In the mean time the rise of the semantic web technologies enables a new range of possibilities for agents dedicated to knowledge management. In this chapter we investigate the integration of semantic web technologies into an agent architecture that allows agents to represent their knowledge and their behavior in a semantic manner. We present the semantic agent model, its implementation and we discuss the perpectives open by semantic agents

Towards business model and technical platform for the service oriented context-aware mobile virtual communities

The focus of existing virtual communities is centered on a particular product or social interaction and the role of mobile devices is restricted to exchange a limited amount of contents. Herewith we envisage that the upcoming virtual communities will exploit the potential of social interaction and context information to offer personalized services to its members and mobile devices will play a significant role in this process. As a step towards this direction, in this paper we propose a business model for the mobile virtual communities in which the mobile device takes on the role of a content producer and content consumer. Though there are a number of research issues which need to be addressed to realize such virtual communities, in this paper we focus on the service requirements, architecture and open source software implementation of a technical platform for the content producer and consumer mobile devices

A semantic web model for ad hoc context-aware communities : Application to the Smart Place Scenario

International audienceIn this paper, we propose a model for an open framework that allows mobile users to create and to participate to context-aware virtual communities. The model we propose and implement is a generic data model fully compliant with the semantic web data model RDF. This model is suited to let mobile end-users use, create and customize virtual communities. We combine fundamentals for a decentralized semantic web social network with context-aware virtual communities and services. Smart cities scenarios are typically targeted with this approach. It can be implemented in places like metro stations, museums, squares, cinemas, etc. to provide ad hoc context-aware information services to mobile users

MECHANIZED CULTURAL REASONING AS A TOOL TO ASSESS TRUST IN VIRTUAL ENTERPRISES

International audienceThe globalized knowledge society generates virtual enterprises that are usually set up and managed on the web, and the new trend is to make the relevant technologies avail- able on intelligent portable devices. The existence of trust is a mandatory condition to make such enterprises successful. Trust has many facets ranging from very theoretical ones to fully heuristic features. One point is that trust can arise when one understands better the behavior of partners. In this paper we outline a new technology leading to the possibility to include inter-cultural issues among the factors having a strong impact on trust. This technology is called Abstraction-Based Information Technology. Its goal is to enable to design tools in articial intelligence to perform so-called cultural reasoning that ensures better trust among inter-cultural communities.We outline how Abstraction- Based Information Technology becomes feasible when working with virtual knowledge communities. An argument in favor of our approach is that it relies on a bottom-up ap- proach, particularly suitable for the web technology and for intelligent wearable devices. The solution of intercultural troubles then amounts to solve knowledge con icts among virtual knowledge communities

Ad-hoc virtual communities for rehabilitation exercising

International audienceSome patients may have to stay at home, however they may need also some rehabilitation exercises. Sometimes this is not possible due to several constraints: distance, cost, availability, etc. Traditionally, rehabilitation sessions are performed individually or in groups in the same place. Studies have shown that group sessions can lead to better motivation and results. In this paper, we propose a system that allows rehabilitation sessions, within a distributed group of people, under the computer-assisted supervision of a coach. The system makes use of wearable technologies, web applications and pervasive computing. Group awareness and self-awareness are enhanced for better motivation and results

Enterprise Contextual Notifier, Contextual Tag Clouds towards more Relevant Awareness

International audienceOn the so-called Web 2.0, numerous Social Networking Sites (SNS) have known a tremendous success as they brought new ways to communicate, interact, learn about people, and share content with them. Besides improving informal social ties, transposing Awareness to the enterprise is very promising for promoting collaboration. However, it can easily lead to information overload, which means productivity loss. With our prototype, we propose a way to stimulate enterprise internal communication while improving the relevance of these interactions with the current working context of their users. This prototype is an efficient tool for cooperation and for discovering relevant people and knowledge

Special Issue on Web Intelligence and Virtual Communities. Editorial.

International audienceWeb intelligence is a multidisciplinary area dealing with exploiting data and services over the web, to create new data and services using information and communication technologies (ICT) and artificial intelligence (AI) techniques. The link to networking and virtual organisations (VOs) is obvious: the web is a set of nodes, providing and consuming data and services; the permanent or temporary ties and exchanges in-between these nodes build the so-called virtual organisations; and the ICT and AI techniques contribute to the process and automate (or partly automate) communication and cooperation processes

Stratégies et méthodologies

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Interstellar chemistry of nitrogen hydrides in dark clouds

The aim of the present work is to perform a comprehensive analysis of the interstellar chemistry of nitrogen, focussing on the gas-phase formation of the smallest polyatomic species and in particular nitrogen hydrides. We present a new chemical network in which the kinetic rates of critical reactions have been updated based on recent experimental and theoretical studies, including nuclear spin branching ratios. Our network thus treats the different spin symmetries of the nitrogen hydrides self-consistently together with the ortho and para forms of molecular hydrogen. This new network is used to model the time evolution of the chemical abundances in dark cloud conditions. The steady-state results are analysed, with special emphasis on the influence of the overall amounts of carbon, oxygen, and sulphur. Our calculations are also compared with Herschel/HIFI observations of NH, NH$_2$, and NH$_3$ detected towards the external envelope of the protostar IRAS 16293-2422. The observed abundances and abundance ratios are reproduced for a C/O gas-phase elemental abundance ratio of $\sim0.8$, provided that the sulphur abundance is depleted by a factor larger than 2. The ortho-to-para ratio of H$_2$ in these models is $\sim10^{-3}$. Our models also provide predictions for the ortho-to-para ratios of NH$_2$ and NH$_3$ of $\sim2.3$ and $\sim0.7$ respectively. We conclude that the abundances of nitrogen hydrides in dark cloud conditions are consistent with the gas-phase synthesis predicted with our new chemical network.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics; 22 pages (9 in Appendix), 7 figures (2 in Appendix), 6 tables (3 in Appendix